REPORT DEFINITIONS
Friday 16 August 2013
Report means a text which describe things in
general. It’s a little bit different from descriptive text which describe
specific thing. To tell the facts of the things described, the writer usually
uses present simple tense. Kecuali bendanya sudah punah, seperti dinosaurus.
Penulis atau pembicara akan menggunakan simple past tense jika benda yang
diceritakan sudah punah, alias dah jadul. Report text contains the class or
subclass of the topic described, and then followed by telling the shape, parts,
behaviour, etc in details.
Kalian pasti pernah mendeskripsikan sesuatu, bisa berupa hewan, tumbuhan, benda, dan hal lain secara umum. Contoh nyata jika ada turis asing yang meminta kalian menjelaskan tentang karakteristik orang Indonesia, kalian pasti akan mendeskripsikan orang Indonesia secara umum bukan mendeskripsikan diri kamu sendiri tentunya. Atau dalam pelajaran Biologi, kalian biasanya mempelajari karakteristik hewan secara umum, baik itu kelasnya (classification) hingga mempelajari sifat-sifat hewan tersebut secara detail (description).
Dalam bahasa Indonesia kita mengenal teks deskripsi. Namun dalam pelajaran bahasa Inggris teks deskripsi dibedakan menjadi dua bagian, yaitu descriptive dan report.
Yang harus diingat adalah Report adalah jenis teks yang mendeskripsikan sesuatu secara umum. Beda dengan Descriptive yang mendeskripsikan sesuatu secara spesifik atau tertentu (alias cuma satu). Contoh: Ada dua teks tentang komputer yaitu “Computer” dan “My Own Computer”, kalau dilihat dari judulnya kedua teks tersebut beda jenis teksnya: Computer (Umum; jenis teksnya Report); My own computer (Khusus, kan cuma komputer saya, makanya jenis teksnya Descriptive).
For example:
For many years, many people believed that the cleverest animals after man were the chimpanzees. Now, however, there is proof that dolphins may be even cleverer than these big apes.
Although a dolphin lives in the sea it is not a fish. It is a mammal. It is in many ways, therefore, like a human being.
Dolphins have a simple language. They are able to talk to one another. It may be possible for man to learn how to talk to dolphins. But this will not be easy because dolphins cannot hear the kind of sounds man can make. If man wants to talk to dolphins, therefore, he will have to make a third language which both he and the dolphins can understand.
Dolphins are also very friendly toward man. They often follow ships. There are many stories about dolphins guiding ships through difficult and dangerous water.
Text di atas menjelaskan tentang dolphin secara umum. Di paragraf kedua tercantum jelas bahwa dolphin belongs to mammal. Ini menjelaskan bahwa dophin termasuk ke dalam kelas mamalia. Di paragraf ketiga dan selanjutnya menjelaskan tentang kebiasaan dari dolphin secara umum.
Kalian pasti pernah mendeskripsikan sesuatu, bisa berupa hewan, tumbuhan, benda, dan hal lain secara umum. Contoh nyata jika ada turis asing yang meminta kalian menjelaskan tentang karakteristik orang Indonesia, kalian pasti akan mendeskripsikan orang Indonesia secara umum bukan mendeskripsikan diri kamu sendiri tentunya. Atau dalam pelajaran Biologi, kalian biasanya mempelajari karakteristik hewan secara umum, baik itu kelasnya (classification) hingga mempelajari sifat-sifat hewan tersebut secara detail (description).
Dalam bahasa Indonesia kita mengenal teks deskripsi. Namun dalam pelajaran bahasa Inggris teks deskripsi dibedakan menjadi dua bagian, yaitu descriptive dan report.
Yang harus diingat adalah Report adalah jenis teks yang mendeskripsikan sesuatu secara umum. Beda dengan Descriptive yang mendeskripsikan sesuatu secara spesifik atau tertentu (alias cuma satu). Contoh: Ada dua teks tentang komputer yaitu “Computer” dan “My Own Computer”, kalau dilihat dari judulnya kedua teks tersebut beda jenis teksnya: Computer (Umum; jenis teksnya Report); My own computer (Khusus, kan cuma komputer saya, makanya jenis teksnya Descriptive).
For example:
For many years, many people believed that the cleverest animals after man were the chimpanzees. Now, however, there is proof that dolphins may be even cleverer than these big apes.
Although a dolphin lives in the sea it is not a fish. It is a mammal. It is in many ways, therefore, like a human being.
Dolphins have a simple language. They are able to talk to one another. It may be possible for man to learn how to talk to dolphins. But this will not be easy because dolphins cannot hear the kind of sounds man can make. If man wants to talk to dolphins, therefore, he will have to make a third language which both he and the dolphins can understand.
Dolphins are also very friendly toward man. They often follow ships. There are many stories about dolphins guiding ships through difficult and dangerous water.
Text di atas menjelaskan tentang dolphin secara umum. Di paragraf kedua tercantum jelas bahwa dolphin belongs to mammal. Ini menjelaskan bahwa dophin termasuk ke dalam kelas mamalia. Di paragraf ketiga dan selanjutnya menjelaskan tentang kebiasaan dari dolphin secara umum.
example report text
v What is a tornado
WTornadoes
are known as one of the most damaging disasters. What is the description of
tornadoes? A tornado is a very powerful column of winds which spirals around a
center of low atmospheric pressure. A tornado will look like a large black
funnel which hangs down from a storm cloud. The name "tornado"
derives from the Latin "tonare". It means "to thunder."
While the Spanish developed the word into "tornear" which means
"to turn or twist". This is why a tornado is sometimes called twister
or cyclone. The winds inside a twister can spin around at speeds up to 500
miles an hour, but it usually travels at roughly 300 miles an hour. This speed
twisting makes a tornado the most dangerous storm. The average tornado has a diameter
of about 200 to 300 yards. The smaller tornadoes are known as satellite
tornadoes. These small offspring, about 50 yards across, can be very fierce and
do lots of damage. The forming of a tornado can be very quick. Sometimes it can
form in a minute or less. A tornado can travel across the ground at high
speeds, then it can suddenly vanish. Most tornadoes last less than twenty
minutes and travel less than 15 miles. However, the super storms sometimes
travel over 100 miles before they are exhausted.
v
Birds
"Birds"
Birds are interesting flying animals. They are vertebrates and warm blooded
animals. They belong to aves class and they can be found all over the world.
Birds breath with their air pocket. Beside as respiration organ, air pocket
also can enlarge or reduce their weight when flying or swimming. There are many
kinds of birds. Earth bird has special characteristic. They have different
morphology according to their food and their habitat. Some of them eat seeds,
pollen, fish or meat. There are some species that live in land and the others
live in water. Land birds live on their nest. Female birds have specific tasks.
they lay eggs and feed their baby, Beside that they look for foods for their
baby. "Elephant" An elephant is the largest and strongest of all
animals. It is a strange looking animal which it has thick legs, huge sides and
backs, large hanging ears, a small tail, little eyes, long white tusks and
above all, elephant has a long nose, the trunk. An elephant is commonly seen in
a zoo, it has hard found in it natural habitat. The trunk is the elephant's
peculiar feature. This trunk has various usages. The elephant draws up water by
its trunk and can squirt the water all over its body like a shower bath. The
elephant's trunk also lift leaves and put them into its mouth. In fact, the
trunk serves the elephant as long arm and hand. An elephant looks very clumsy
and heavy and yet an elephant can move very quickly. The elephant is very
intelligent animal. Its intelligence combined with its great strength makes an
elephant a very useful servant to man. Elephant can be trained to serve in
various ways such as carry heavy loads, hunt for tigers and even fight. An
elephant is really a smart animal.
v Elephant
An
elephant is the largest and strongest of all animals. It is a strange looking
animal which it has thick legs, huge sides and backs, large hanging ears, a
small tail, little eyes, long white tusks and above all, elephant has a long
nose, the trunk. An elephant is commonly seen in a zoo, it has hard found in it
natural habitat. The trunk is the elephant's peculiar feature. This trunk has
various usages. The elephant draws up water by its trunk and can squirt the
water all over its body like a shower bath. The elephant's trunk also lift
leaves and put them into its mouth. In fact, the trunk serves the elephant as
long arm and hand. An elephant looks very clumsy and heavy and yet an elephant
can move very quickly. The elephant is very intelligent animal. Its
intelligence combined with its great strength makes an elephant a very useful
servant to man. Elephant can be trained to serve in various ways such as carry
heavy loads, hunt for tigers and even fight. An elephant is really a smart
animal.
v Gajah
Seekor gajah adalah yang
terbesar dan terkuat dari semua binatang.
Ini adalah hewan tampak
aneh yang memiliki kaki tebal, sisi besar dan
punggung, telinga menggantung besar, ekor kecil, mata
kecil, taring putih panjang
dan di atas semua, gajah memiliki hidung yang panjang, bagasi. Seekor gajah umumnya
terjadi di kebun binatang, telah sulit
ditemukan di habitat alami itu. Batang adalah fitur
gajah aneh. Batang
ini memiliki berbagai penggunaan.
Gajah menarik sampai air dengan belalainya dan
bisa menyemprotkan air ke seluruh tubuhnya
seperti mandi shower. Belalai gajah juga mengangkat
daun dan menempatkan mereka ke dalam
mulutnya. Bahkan, bagasi menyajikan gajah
sebagai lengan panjang dan tangan. Seekor gajah terlihat
sangat canggung dan berat dan
belum gajah dapat
bergerak sangat cepat. Gajah adalah hewan yang sangat cerdas. Intelijen dikombinasikan dengan kekuatan besar yang membuat gajah seorang hamba yang
sangat berguna bagi manusia. Gajah
dapat dilatih untuk melayani dalam
berbagai cara seperti membawa beban
berat, perburuan harimau dan bahkan melawan. Seekor
gajah benar-benar hewan yang
cerdas.